1.Honeymoon Stage •When they first arrive •Characterized by extreme happiness, even euphoria •Especially prevalent with refugees
2.Hostility •After about 4-6 months, once reality has set in •They begin to gradually hate North America because this new place is not like their home. •Characterized by complaining, wanting to be only others who speak their language, rejecting anything associated with the new culture, and feeling depressed and irritable all the time.
3.Humour •They begin to accept their new home. •They begin to find friends, discover that there are good thing about where they are living, and adjust to their lives by coming to terms with both the old and the new ways of living
4.Home •The newcomers become “native” in the sense that where they live is their home •They accept that they are here to stay